PENGGUNAAN DAUN KATUK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERNAK UNGGAS

VERA APRILIANTI

Abstrak

Daun Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) merupakan tumbuhan sayuran yang banyak terdapat di Asia Tenggara. Katuk kaya akan klorofil, yang bermanfaat untuk membersihkan jaringan tubuh dan tempat pembuangan sisa limbah metabotisme, sekaligus mengatasi parasit, bakteri, dan virus yang ada dalam tubuh manusia.  Katuk  mengandung senyawa fitosterol yang diharapkan dapat menurunkan kolesterol. Pemberian daun katuk sebagai pengganti feed suplement untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk ternak. Daun katuk dapat mengandung hampir 7% protein dan serat kasar sampai 19%. Daun ini kaya vitamin K, selain pro-vitamin A (beta-karotena), B, dan C. Mineral yang dikandungnya adalah kalsium (hingga 2,8%), besi, kalium, fosfor, dan magnesium. Pemberian daun katuk terhadap  ternak dapat dikombinasikan melaliu air minum dan juga lagsung dalam ransum. Pada level 4,5 g/kg ransum plus 2,25 g/l air minum.

Kata kunci : daun katuk, kualitas produk ternak, air, ransum

LANGSING DENGAN DAUN KATUK

Oleh: Urip Santoso

Para hadirin yang terhormat, assalamu’alaikum wr. wb.  Pada kesempatan ini, perkenankanlah saya menyampaikan orasi ilmiah popular saya dengan judul “Langsing dengan Daun Katuk”.

            Hadirin yang terhormat, mengapa judul ini saya ambil. Karena saya ingin langsing. Karena banyak orang ingin langsing. Semua ingin langsing kecuali orang Flores. Menurut berita dari seberang, wanita yang cantik bagi orang Flores adalah wanita yang gemuk dan gendut. Segendut Valentina Vilanoeva dalam telenovela Mi Gorda Bella yang pernah ditayangkan di RCTI OK. Langsing bukan lagi milik kaum wanita. Ia pun telah menjadi idola para pria. Pria ingin tampil langsing, atletis dan kuat.

            Para haridin yang terhormat, seperti kata pepatah banyak jalan menuju Roma. Demikian pula banyak jalan menuju langsing. Jika anda bertanya kepada ahli Reiki Tummo tentang kiat langsing. Mungkin ia akan menjawab dengan ber-diet, olahraga dan terutama melakukan terapi ala Reiki Tummo. Tentu saja lain pula kiatnya jika anda bertanya pada ahli Tetada Kalimasada. Yah, banyak orang berpantang ini berpantang itu hanya karena ingin langsing. Pokoknya segala jalan alternatif ditempuh. Banyak yang gagal (seperti saya), tetapi banyak pula yang berhasil.

            Mengapa kita ingin langsing? Apakah karena hanya ingin tampil seksi, atletis atau semacamnya? Yah, dewasa ini orang ingin langsing bukan saja karena ingin seksi, tetapi juga dikarenakan  tubuh yang ideal memberi dampak positif bagi kesehatan. Telah diketahui secara luas bahwa badan yang gemuk merupakan sumber penyakit.

Kegemukkan dapat merangsang timbulnya berbagai penyakit antara lain kencing manis, penyakit jantung koroner, kanker, kelainan pada paru-paru, stroke, penyempitan pembuluh darah, menurunkan daya kekebalan tubuh dan sejumlah penyakit degeneratif lainnya. Penyakit jantung koroner misalnya merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian penduduk di negara maju maupun negara berkembang. Bahkan, penyakit ini semakin hari semakin bertambah kasusnya. Penyebab utamanya adalah karena perubahan pola makan dari pola makan berserat tinggi ke pola makan berserat rendah, tinggi kalori dan tinggi lemak.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK DAUN KATUK TERHADAP KUALITAS TELUR DAN BERAT ORGAN DALAM

Urip Santoso

Jurusan Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu, Bengkulu

Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh ekstrak daun katuk terhadap kualitas telur. Empat puluh delapan ekor ayam petelur umur 40 minggu (strain RIR) didistribusikan menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan sebagai berikut. Satu kelompok diberi ransum tanpa EDK (P₀), dan lima kelompok lainnya diberi ransum  plus EDK-air panas pada level 9 g/kg (P₁), ransum plus EDK-etanol pada level 0,9 g/kg (P₂), ransum plus EDK-etanol pada level 1,8 g/kg (P₃), ransum plus EDK-metanol pada level 0.9 g/kg (P₄), dan ransum plus EDK-metanol pada level 1.8 g/kg (P₅). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak daun katuk berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap tebal kerabang, tinggi rongga udara, indeks kuning telur,  indeks warna kuning telur, berat putih telur, bau dan rasa telur, jumlah  Salmonella sp., pada kerabang telur, persentase toksisitas, berat organ dalam, tetapi berpengaruh secara nyata (P<0,05) terhadap Staphylococcus sp., berat telur, HU, berat kuning telur, berat kerabang telur dan panjang usus halus. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak katuk kurang efektif meningkatkan kualitas telur dan tidak bersifat toksit. Penambahan EDK-etanol sebesar 0,9 atau 1,8 g/kg, dan EDK-metanol sebesar 0,9 g/kg cukup efektif untuk menurunkan jumlah Staphylococcus sp pada kerabang telur. Untuk meningkatkan mutu telur melalui ekstrak daun katuk, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian penggunaan ekstrak  tersebut di atas  tingkat penambahan pada penelitian ini. (Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 2 (1): 5-10, 2007).

Kata kunci: Ekstrak katuk, kualitas telur, organ dalam

Effect of Sauropus androgynus extract on the carcass quality of broiler chicks

Urip Santoso

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jalan Raya Kandang Limun Bengkulu
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate effect of Sauropus androgynus leaf extract (SAE) on carcass quality of broiler chicks. Forty 20-day-old male chicks were divided into four treatment groups with five replicate each. Each replicate consisted of two male broilers. Complete randomized design was used in this experiment. One groups was fed basal diet + 0 g SAE, and other three groups were fed basal diet + 9 g/kg diet, basal diet + 13.5 g/kg diet, or basal diet + 18 g/kg diet. Basal diet contained 19% crude protein and ME 3.200 kcal/kg. It was shown that SAE supplementation did not significantly affect carcass percentage, meat bone ratio and cooking loss. SAE supplementation significantly reduced total fat accumulation as compared breast and thigh lesion score (P<0.05). 18 g SAE supplementation had lower total fat accumulation as compared to the control, 9 g or 13.5 g treatment group. 13.5 g or 18 g SAE supplementation had less smell and less color of meat than other groups (P<0.05). 18 g SAE supplementation had better taste of meat than the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, 18 g supplementation of SAE to the diet resulted in the best carcass quality BIPP, 7 (1): 22-28 (2001).
Key words: Sauropus androgynus extract, carcass quality, broiler

Effect of Sauropus androgynus extract on the performance of broiler

U. Santoso

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jalan Raya Kandang Limun Bengkulu

Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate effect of Sauropus androgynus leaf extract (SAE) on performance of broiler chicks. Forty 20-day-old male chicks were divided into four treatment groups with five replicate each. Each replicate consisted of two male broilers. Complete randomized design was used in this experiment. One groups was fed basal diet + 0 g SAE, and other three groups were fed basal diet + 9 g/kg diet, basal diet + 13.5 g/kg diet, or basal diet + 18 g/kg diet. Basal diet contained 19% crude protein and ME 3.200 kcal/kg. It was shown that SAE supplementation did not significantly affect body weight and body weight gain, but it significantly reduced feed intake at all levels whereas feed conversion ratio was significantly reduced in broilers fed 18 g SAE. Income over feed cost was highest in broiler chicks received 18 g SAE. In conclusion, 18 g supplementation of SAE to the diet resulted in the best performance and income over feed cost BIPP, 7 (1): 15-21 (2001).
Key words: Sauropus androgynus extract, performance, income over feed cost

Effect of Sauropus androgynus extract on organ weight, toxicity and number of Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli of broiler meat

Urip Santoso

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jalan Raya Kandang Limun Bengkulu

Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate effect of Sauropus androgynus leaf extract (SAE) on organ weight, toxicity and number of Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli of broiler meat. Forty 20-day-old male chicks were divided into four treatment groups with five replicate each. Each replicate consisted of two male broilers. Complete randomized design was used in this experiment. One groups was fed basal diet + 0 g SAE, and other three groups were fed basal diet + 9 g/kg diet, basal diet + 13.5 g/kg diet, or basal diet + 18 g/kg diet. Basal diet contained 19% crude protein and ME 3.200 kcal/kg. It was shown that SAE supplementation did not significantly affect gizzard weight and spleen weight, but it significantly increased liver weight in broilers fed diet supplemented 13.5 g SAE/kg and toxicity (P<0.05), and significantly reduced heart weight in broilers fed diet supplemented 18 g SAE/kg. SAE significantly reduced the number of Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli of meat (P<0.05). In conclusion, 18 g supplementation of SAE to the diet resulted in lower heart weight with no toxicity observed, and resulted in met with lower contamination of pathogenic bacteria BIPP, 7 (2): 162-169 (2001).
Key words: Sauropus androgynus extract, organ weight, toxicity, Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli

Effects of Sauropus androgynus (Katuk) leaf extract on growth, fat accumulation and fecal microorganisms in broiler chickens

U. Santoso, E. Handayani and Suharyanto

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia

Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the effects of Sauropus androgynus leaf extract on growth, carcass quality and the number of fecal microorganisms in broiler chickens. Forty-eight male Arbor Acres broiler chickens (21-d-old) obtained from a commercial hatchery were used in the present study. Experiment consisted of four treatment groups with four pen replicates of three broilers allocated randomly to each dietary treatment from day 21-42 old. One group was the control with no additional Sauropus androgynus leaf extract (SAE) (P0), and other three groups were given drinking water supplemented with 1.5 g (P1), 3.0 g (P2) or 4.5 g SAE/l water (P3). The diet used was a commercial mix (crude protein: 19% and Metabolizable Energy 3.200 kcal/kg). Feed intake significantly reduced in P2 or P3 as compared with the control (P<0.05). A decrease in feed conversion ratio was observed in treatment groups as compared with the control (P<0.05). Abdominal fat, neck fat and liver fat content were significantly reduced by SAE (P<).05), while carcass fat content was not significantly different. Number of fecal Escherichia coli in P1 or P3 (P<0.01) and fecal Streptococcus sp. and Salmonella sp. were significantly (P<0.01) reduced by SAE supplementation as compared with the control, while fecal Bacillus subtilis in P2 and Lactobacillus sp. in P1 (P<0.01) were significantly higher as compared with other groups. SAE (P2 or P3) also significantly improved meat taste, shank color but lowered meat color (P<0.05) as compared with the control group. It was found that the number of fecal Streptococcus sp. was suitable to predict abdominal fat. In conclusion, the inclusion of SAE at 4.5 g/l drinking water resulted in the best performance and carcass quality (Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner, 6 (4): 220-226.
Key words: Sauropus androgynus leaf extract, fat accumulation, broilers.

Effect of Sauropus androgynus (katuk) Extract on Production, Nitrogen and Phosphor Contents, and Number of Colonized Microbia in Feces of Layers

Urip Santoso

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia

ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted to evaluate effect of Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) on feces production, nitrogen and phosphor contents and microflora in feces of layers. Forty eight 40-week days layers (strain RIR) were distributed to 6 treatment groups. One group was fed diet without SAE (P0), and groups were fed diets plus hot-water-SAE at level of 9 g/kg (P1), diets plus ethanol-SAE at level of 0,9 g/kg (P2), diets plus ethanol-SAE at level of 1,8 g/kg (P3), diets plus methanol-SAE at level of 0.9 g/kg (P4), and diets plus methanol-SAE at level of 1.8 g/kg (P5). Experimental results show that 9 g hot-water-SAE or 0.9 g SAE-methanol supplementation significantly reduced nitrogen content and production of faces. However, SAE inclusion had no effect on phosphor content of faeces (P<0,05). SAE inclusion significantly affected the number of Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus subtilis (P<0,05) and Streptococcus sp. (P<0,01). In conclusion, inclusion of ethanol-SAE at level of 1.8 g/kg diets was effective to reduce Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli in feces. Inclusion of 9 g hot-water-SAE or 0.9 g methanol-SAE was effective to reduce nitrogen production and content in feces (Jurnal Pengembangan Peternakan Tropis).
Key words: Sauropus androgynus extract, microbia, nitrogen, feces

Mengenal Daun Katuk dan Manfaatnya

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Berikut ini materi dialog di BTV (Bengkulu TV) yang sutingnya telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 13 Agustus 2009
 Oleh: Urip Santoso
 

A. Komposisi Kimia Daun Katuk


A.1. Komposisi gizi
Tabel 1. Komposisi Kimia Daun Katuk per 100 gram

No	Komponen gizi	Kadar
1	Energi (kkal)	59
2	Protein (g)	4,8-6,4
3	Lemak (g)	1,0
4	Karbohidrat (g)	9,9-11,0
5	Serat (g)	1,5
6	Abu (g)	1,7
7	Kalsium (mg)	204
8	Fosfor (mg)	83
9	Besi (mg)	2,7-3,5
10	Vitamin A (SI)	10.370
11	Vitamin C (mg)	164-239
12	Vitamin B1 (mg)	0,1
13	Vitamin B6 (mg)	0,1
14	Vitamin D (µg)	3.111
15	Karotin (mcg)	10.020
16	Air (g)	81

Daun katuk merupakan sayuran yang paling kaya akan klorofil (zat hijau daun)

Penggunaan Ekstak Saropus androgynus untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Produksi dan Mutu Telur pada Peternakan Ayam Arab Petelur

Oleh: Urip Santoso dan Suharyanto

Jurusan Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu

Jalan Raya W.R. Supratman, Bengkulu

Telpon (0736) 21170, eks. 219; e-mail: santosoburgo60@ahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) on production、egg quality and cholesterol content in Arab chickens. Three level of extract supplementation was evaluated. One group of layers was fed diet without SAE (control), other  groups were fed diet with 4.5 g SAE/kg diet or 9 g SAE/kg diet. Each group contained 8 birds which was kept in individual cage. Experimental results showed that the SAE supplementation increased egg production. Yolk colour was increased in layer fed SAE. Egg cholesterol content tended to be increased by SAE supplementation. In conclusion, SAE supplementation improved egg production and quality.

Key words: Sauropus androgynus,  egg production, egg quality, cholesterol

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) untuk meningkatkan produksi dan mutu telur. Dua puluh empat ayam Arab didistrbusikan ke dalam 3 perlakuan. Satu kelompok tidak diberi EDK (kontrol), sedangkan kelompok lainna diberi 4,5 g EDK/kg pakan atau 9 g EDK/kg pakan. Setiap kelompok terdiri atas 8 ekor ayam Arab petelur yang dipelihara dalam kandang kawat individu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ayam petelur yang diberi ekstrak daun katuk (4,5 g maupun 9 g/kg pakan) meningkatkan produksi telur. Warna kuning telur juga meningkat, dimana untuk kontrol nilainya 4,38, untuk yang diberi 4,5 g ekstrak 4,75 dan yang diberi 9 g ekstrak 5,75. Sementara variabel kualitas telur lain seperti tebal kerabang, indeks kuning telur, indeks putih telur dan HU tidak banyak perubahan. Hasil analisis kolesterol menunjukkan bahwa pemberian EDK cenderung menurunkan kadar kolesterol telur. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi EDK memperbaiki produksi dan mutu telur.

Kata kunci: Katuk,  mutu telur, produksi telur, kolesterol

Reduction of fat accumulation in broiler chickens by Sauropus androgynus (katuk) leaf meal supplementation

U. Santoso and Sartini

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia

Abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of Sauropus androgynus leaf (SAL) meal on reducing fat accumulation in broiler chickens. Eighty unsexed broiler chickens were allocated to four treatment groups with five replicates of four chickens each. SAL meal supplementation had no effect on body, leg, back, breast, wing, liver and heart weights, carcass protein, moisture and ash cotnets (P>0.05). Broiler fed diets supplemented with 30 g of SAL meal had lower feed intake with better feed conversion ratio (P<0.05) than did the control chickens. SAL supplementation at all levels significantly reduced fat accumulation in abdomen region, and liver (P<0.01), and in carcass (P<0.05). Higher SAL supplementation resulted in lower fat accumulation in the carcass (r2= 0.94; P<0.01), abdomen (r2=0.99; P<0.01) and liver (r2=0.98; P<0.01). The current study showed that a 30 g supplementation of SAL meal to the broiler diet (30 g SAL meal/kg diet) was effective to improve feed conversion ratio without reducing body weight. SAL meal supplementation to the diet reduced fat accumulation in broiler chickens (Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 2001, 14 (3): 346-350)
Key words: Sauropus androgynus leaf meal, caracass fat, abdominal fat, broiler

MANFAAT DAUN KATUK BAGI KESEHATAN MANUSIA DAN PRODUKTIVITAS TERNAK

Oleh: Prof. Urip santoso

            Setelah manusia mengarungi samudra dunia modern dengan segala kemudahan sebagai hasil perkembangan teknologi, manusia mulai menyadari bahwa segala sesuatu yang tidak seimbang, tidak fitrah atau tidak alami dapat membawa akibat kurang baik bagi kesehatannya. Perubahan pola makan manusia modern ternyata mengakibatkan berbagai penyakit yang dahulunya kurang dominan sebagai penyebab kematian, sekarang menduduki peringkat atas. Semakin hari semakin banyak manusia yang terkena kanker, stroke, penyakit penyempitan pembuluh darah, penyakit jantung, kencing manis, dan berbagai penyakit degeneratif lainnya, sebagai akibat salah makan atau makan yang berlebihan.
            Hal ini kemudian memicu masyarakat untuk kembali ke alam. Diyakini bahwa sesuatu yang alami baik pada pola pangan, ataupun penggunaan bahan alami sebagai obat akan membawa efek negatif yang lebih sedikit. Dengan demikian, umur fisiologis dari sel dapat diperpanjang. Di Eropa dan Amerika Serikat misalnya, penggunaan tumbuhan obat sebagai alternatif obat kimia telah  banyak di teliti dan diproduksi. Tumbuhan obat juga telah banyak diteliti untuk meningkatkan kesehatan dan produktivitas ternak.
            Indonesia dengan kekayaan keanekaragaman hayatinya, mempunyai potensi yang sangat besar untuk menyediakan obat alami, mengingat banyak tumbuhan obat yang tumbuh dengan baik. Sejak jaman dulu bangsa Indonesia telah mengenal tumbuhan obat dan memanfaatkannya untuk menjaga kesehatan dan mengobati penyakit. Pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat tersebut diperoleh berdasarkan empirik dan pengalaman yang diturunkan dari nenek moyang kita. Pengobatan dengan bahan asal tumbuhan disebut fitoterapi yang dalam penerapannya pada waktu ini dikenal dalam bentuk jamu dan fitofarma.
            Sampai dengan pertengahan abad XX fitoterapi memegang peranan penting untuk upaya pencegahan dan penyembuhan penyakit. Setelah mengalami masa surut akibat desakan bahan aktif hasil sintesis kimia, pada 20 tahun terakhir ini bahan obat asal tumbuh-tumbuhan semakin mendapat perhatian kembali, baik sebagai obat tradisional jamu, fitofarma maupun sumber senyawa murni. Kecenderungan ini banyak didorong oleh berbagai kejadian buruk akibat obat yang berasal dari senyawa kimia hasil sintesis dan juga tidak lepas dari kemajuan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi terkait, seperti botani, kimia, farmasi dan farmakologi yang memungkinkan konsep metode berdasar dan lebih pasti atas khasiat sediaannya. Oleh karena itu, khasiatnya tidak usah diragukan lagi.
            Sediaan asal tumbuhan yang sudah jelas khasiat, keamanan dan stabilitasnya disebut fitofarmaka. Jadi, industri fitofarmaka adalah industri farmasi yang bersumber pada tumbuh-tumbuhan dan merupakan produk IPTEK  tumbuhan obat. Pengembangan industri fitofarmaka akan mendorong usaha pelestarian tumbuhan obat dan industri budidaya tanaman obat, simplisia, sediaan galenik, fraksi atau kelompok senyawa bioaktif yang mempunyai mutu standar dan lebih jauh ke arah kemoterapi.
            Salah satu tumbuhan obat yang berpotensi besar namun belum banyak dilirik dan dikembangkan sebagai komoditas unggulan adalah “katuk” (Sauropus androgynus).

The usefullness of Sauropus androgynus leaf extract as feed supplement to produce meat desgner

Urip Santoso, Yosi Fenita and Wiranda G. Piliang

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University, Indonesia

Summary

            The present study was conducted  to evaluate effect of Sauropus androgunus leaf extract on performance, meat quality and fat accumulation in broilers. The experiment used broiler chickens strain Arbor Acres (Platinum). Experimental diets contained 20% protein and 3.200 kcal/kg and started at 21 days of age. !105 broiler chickens were distributed to seven treatment gropus as follows: 1) control, broilers were fed diet without Sauropus androgynus leaf extract (SAE); 2) broilers were fed diet plus 4.5 g SAE extracted by hot water/kg diet; 3) broilers were fed diet plus 9 g SAE extracted by hot water/kg diet; 4) broilers were fed diet plus 0.9 g SAE extracted by ethanol 95%/kg diet; 5) broilers were fed diet plus 1.8 g SAE extracted by ethanol 95%/kg diet; 6) broilers were fed diet plus 0.9 g SAE extracted by ethanol 70%/kg diet; 7) broilers were fed diet plus 1.8 g SAE extracted by ethanol 70%/kg diet. Experimental results showed that SAE supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased body weight and body weight gain at 28, 35 and 42 days of age. The results also showed that SAE supplementation increased feed intake at 42 days of age without improvement in feed conversion ratio. The results showed that supplementation of SAE significantly increased carcass weight (P<0.05), meat color (P<0.05) and carcass color (P<0.01) and meat taste (P<0.05) but significantly reduced meat smell (P<0.01). This supplementation significantly rduced fat content of  abdomen (P<0.05). SAE significantly reduced the concentration of total lipid, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, glucose, atherogenic index but significantly increased HDL-cholesterol in serum of broilers. SAE  had no effect on the content of total lipid and cholesterol in thigh meat. SAE significantly increased amino acid content (P<0.05), changed the composition of amino acid, and increased the content of linoleic acid, linolenic acid and stearic acid in meat. In conclusion, supplementation of SAE increased feed intake, body weight, body weight gain but had no effect on feed conversion ratio. SAE reduced fat deposition in abdomen and leg. SAE may potential as drug of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.

Effect of Sauropus androgynus extract on egg quality and internal organ weight in layers

U. Santoso
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu, Indonesia

ABSTRACT
The present research was conducted to evaluate the effect of Sauropus androgynus extract on egg quality and internal organ weight. Forty-eight layer aged 40 weeks (strain RIR) were distributed to 6 treatment groups as follows. One group was fed diet without Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) (P0), and five groups were fed diet plus SAE-hot water at level of 9 g/kg (P1), diet plus SAE-ethanol at level of 0.9 g/kg (P2), diet plus SAE-ethanol at level of 1.8 g/kg (P3), diet plus SAE-methanol at level of 0.9 g/kg (P4), and diet plus SAE-methanol at level of 1.8 g/kg (P5). Experimental results showed that SAE supplementation had no effect on eggshell tickness, yolk index, yolk colour index, albumen weight, smell and taste of eggs, number of Salmonella sp., toxicity percentage, internal organ weights (P<0.05), but they had effect on (P<0,05) number of Staphylococcus sp., egg weight, HU, yolk weight, eggshell weight and length of intestine. In conclusion, SAE supplementation was not effective to improve egg quality and had no toxicity. SAE-ethanol supplementation at level of 0.9 or 1.8 g/kg, and SAE-methanol at level of 0.9 g/kg was effective to reduce the number of Staphylococcus sp. To improve egg quality by SAE, the future research should be designed to use the level of SAE higher than the level applied in this experiment (Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 2 (1):…).
Key words: Sauropus androgynus extract, egg quality, internal organ

EFFECT OF SAUROPUS ANDROGYNUS LEAVES EXTRACT AND TURMERIC POWDER SUPPEMENTATION ON FAT DEPOSITION IN BROILER CHICKENS FED HIGH-FAT DIETS

U. Santoso^1*, Kususiyah¹, Y. Fenita¹, S. Winarsih², A. M. H. Putranto³ and E. Sulistyowati^1
1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jalan Raya WR Supratman, Kandang Limun Bengkulu 38371A, Bengkulu, Indonesia
²Department of Agro-Eco-Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jalan Raya WR Supratman, Kandang Limun Bengkulu 38371A, Bengkulu, Indonesia
³Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science
Jalan Raya WR Supratman, Kandang Limun Bengkulu 38371A, Bengkulu, Indonesia

Abstract
This study investigated the effect of supplementation of Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) and turmeric powder on fat deposition in broiler chickens fed high-fat diets. One hundred and fifty of 21 days-old broiler chickens were distributed to 10 treatment groups of 3 pens of 5 broiler chickens as replicates. Completely randomized experimental design was used in this experiment. Ten treatment groups were as follows: 1) broiler chickens were fed 6% palm oil containing diet without supplementation; 2) broiler chickens were fed 6% palm oil containing diet supplemented with 9 g SAE plus 0.5g turmeric powder; 3) broiler chickens were fed 6% palm oil containing diet supplemented with 18 g SAE plus 0.5 g turmeric powder; 4) broiler chickens were fed 6% palm oil containing diet supplemented with 9 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder; 5) broiler chickens were fed 6% palm oil containing diet supplemented with 18 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder; 6) broiler chickens were fed 6% tallow containing diet without supplementation; 7) broiler chickens were fed 6% tallow containing diet supplemented with 9 g SAE plus 0.5g turmeric powder; broiler chickens were fed 6% tallow containing diet supplemented with 18 g SAE plus 0.5 g turmeric powder; 9) broiler chickens were fed 6% tallow containing diet supplemented with 9 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder; 10) broiler chickens were fed 6% tallow containing diet supplemented with 18 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder. Experimental results showed that supplementation of this feed supplement had no effect on abdominal fat (P>0.05) neck fat (P>0.05),   Fatty Liver Score (P>0.05) and meat fat (P>0.05), but it reduced meat cholesterol content. SAE plus turmeric powder inclusion affected lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (P<0.01), but it had no effect on oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. In conclusion, supplementation of 18 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder to high fat diet reduced meat cholesterol content and changed fatty acid composition.
Key words: Sauropus androgynus: Turmeric: Fat deposition: Fatty acid

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Pengaruh Suplementasi Ekstrak Daun Katuk Plus Kunyit pada Pakan Berlemak Tinggi terhadap Kualitas Karkas Broiler

Urip Santoso^１*, Kususiyah^１, Yosi Fenita^１, Sri Winarsih^２ dan Agus Martono Hadi Putranto^３

ABSTRACT

One hundred and fifty broiler chickens aged 21 days were distributed to 10 treatment groups as follows: 1) broiler chickens were fed 6% palm oil containing diet without supplementation; 2) broiler chicken were fed 6% palm oil containing diet supplemented with 9 g Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) plus 0.5g turmeric powder; 3) broiler chicken were fed 6% palm oil containing diet supplemented with 18 g SAE plus 0.5 g turmeric powder; 4) broiler chicken were fed 6% palm oil containing diet supplemented with 9 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder; 5) broiler chicken were fed 6% palm oil containing diet supplemented with 18 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder; 6) broiler chickens were fed 6% tallow containing diet without supplementation; 7) broiler chicken were fed 6% tallow containing diet supplemented with 9 g SAE plus 0.5g turmeric powder; 8) broiler chicken were fed 6% tallow containing diet supplemented with 18 g SAE plus 0.5 g turmeric powder; 9) broiler chicken were fed 6% tallow containing diet supplemented with 9 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder; 10) broiler chicken were fed 6%  tallow containing diet supplemented with 18 g SAE plus 1 g turmeric powder. Experimental results showed that supplementation of katuk leaves extract plus turmeric powder had no effect on (P>0,05) carcass weight, cooking loss, meat smell and internal organ weight, but it significantly changed (P<0,05) taste, color and kalium of broiler meats. Inconclusion, supplementation of Sauropus androgynus extract and turmeric powder increased carcass quality.

Key words: Sauropus androgynus, turmeric, carcass quality, broiler

The Effect of Sauropus androgynus Extract and Lemuru Oil on Fat Deposition and Fatty Acid Composition of Meat in Broiler Chickens

U. Santoso, Kususiyah dan Y. Fenita
Department of Animal Science, Faculty f Agriculture, Bengkulu University
Jalan Raya WR Supratman, Bengkulu

ABTRACT
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) and lemuru oil (LO) on fat deposition and fatty acid composition of meat in broiler chickens. One hundred and fifty six broiler chickens were distributed to 13 treatment groups with 3 cages in each treatment group as replicate. Completely randomized design was used in this study. The thirteen groups were as follows: 1) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained commercial feed supplement as a control; 2) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 10 g/kg diet SAE and 1% LO; 3) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 10 g/kg diet SAE and 1% LO plus 60 mg vitamin E; 4) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 10 g/kg diet SAE and 2% LO; 5) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 10 g/kg diet SAE and 2% LO plus 60 mg vitamin E; 6) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 10 g/kg diet SAE and 3% LO; 7) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 10 g/kg diet SAE and 3% LO plus 60 mg vitamin E; 8) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 18 g/kg diet SAE and 1% LO; 9) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 18 g/kg diet SAE and 1% LO plus 60 mg vitamin E; 10 Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 18 g/kg diet SAE and 2% LO; 11) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 18 g/kg diet SAE and 2% LO plus 60 mg vitamin E; 12) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 18 g/kg diet SAE and 3% LO; 13) Broiler chickens were fed diet contained 18 g/kg diet SAE and 3% LO plus 60 mg vitamin E. The data were analyzed by variance analysis and if it were significant, it were tested by DMRT.The present results showed that supplementation of SAE and LO significantly affected fat deposition in abdomen and leg (P<0.05), but it had no effect on neck fat deposition and fatty acid syndrome. The present results showed that supplementation of SAE and LO had significantly reduced cholesterol content (P<0.05) and TBA (P<0.05) in leg meat, but it significantly increased vitamin A and vitamin E (P<0.05) and it had no effect on fat in leg meat. Supplementation of SAE and LO was proved to change fatty acid composition in leg meat. The treatment significantly increased EPA, DHA (P<0.01), arachidonic acid and stearic acid (P<0.05), but it significantly reduced linolenic acid (P<0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of SAE and LO reduced fat deposition in abdomen and leg, the content of cholesterol in meat, and it enriched EPA and DHA of meat.

Key words: Sauropus androgynus, Lemuru oil, cholesterol, fatty acid, fat deposition

Sauropus androgunus

Sauropus androgynus leave is good for your health. It was found that this medical herb reduced fat deposition, cholesterol, triglyceride in egg and meat. In Taiwan, this herb has been used to reduce body weight and fat in human being. Sauropus is rich in methyl-pyroglutamate, steroid, benzoic acid etc. These secundary metabolic compounds have important role in nutrition metabolism. However, this herb also has side effect, namely it may cause lung disorder. But don't be worry, this will occur if you consume a large amount with long consumption.